SAP BASIS Questions And Answers - Part 2

 SAP BASIS Questions And Answers - Part 2

1. What is profile and what type of profiles are available in SAP R/3 system?

Profile is an operating system files which contains parameters and configuration information of an instance.
The profiles are stored in the directory /usr/sap/<SID>/SYS/profile. Profile maintenance can be done using RZ10 transaction code.
There are 3 types of profiles available in the SAP system.
a. Start Profile: It defines which R/3 services to start
b. Default Profile: It acts as a common configuration of profile values for instances
c. Instance Profile: It contains the parameter values specific to instance
The parameter list can be viewed using the reports RSPARAM or RSPFPAR

2. What parameters are present in Default Profile?

Default profile is an operating system level file that consists of parameters used by all application servers from the same SAP system. This profile is generated automatically by the system when it is first installed.
Below are some important parameters present in the default profile:
SAPDBHOST Hostname of the database server
rdisp/vbname         Name of the update server
rdisp/btcname Name of the default background server
rdisp/mshost         Name of the message server
rdisp/sna_gateway         Name of the host running the gateway service
rdisp/sna_gw_service Name of the TCP/IP service to connect to the gateway service
rdisp/enqname Name of the enqueue server

3. What are the processes include in Starting and Stopping of SAP R/3 system?

In Start and stop of SAP system includes, start and stop of database and all the related processes that are configured to run in all the application servers. 
The type and number of processes are defined in the start profile and instance profiles.
Below are some important processes which include in starting and stopping the system.
a. The operating system and/or network performance collectors
b. The central system log collection process
c. The CPIC gateway server
d. The message server
e. The dispatcher processes
f. The spool processes
g. The dialog and background processes

4. What are the advantages in configuring the logon groups?

Below are the advantages:
Load balancing
If an application server goes down, users can still connect to the group, which will assign the best application server
Setting groups of related applications makes a better use of the instance buffers and shared memory 

5. What is the transaction code used for configuring Logon groups?

SMLG

6. What are the transport routes in TMS?

The transport routes are the one which defines the different routes that exist between two systems within the same system group. 
There are two types of transport routes:
Consolidation route: It is a link between the integration(development) system and consolidation (quality assurance) system. Each and every consolidation route is assigned to a transport layer.
Delivery route: It is a link between the consolidation (quality assurance) system and production system. The delivery routes are not assigned to transport layer.

7. What is transport layer in TMS?

Transport layer is basically for grouping all the development objects that will always use the same transport routes within the same development system. 

8. What are development objects?

Development object is any object developed within the SAP system. Workbench organizer is the one which takes a record and controls the changes to development objects.
Development objects includes below:
ABAP Dictionary objects, tables, data elements
ABAP programs, function modules, menus and screens

9. What is change task and change request?

Change task contains the list of objects created or modified by user.

Change request contains the objects that needs to be transported and information on the purpose of the transport, transport type, transport category and the target system. Change request contains one or more change tasks.
A number is automatically assigned when the change request is created manually or automatically. The format of the number is <SID>K<number>.

There are two request categories.
1. SYST: This contains ABAP development objects and general customizing objects for all clients.
2. CUST: This contains customizing objects specific to client.

10. What is the use of tp transport control program?

Transport control program tp is used by system admins to performing the transports between the systems also it is used in upgrades.
This program is used for importing the transport requests. It can also be used for exports, but export process is automatic.
The tp program uses other special programs like R3trans
The tp program is located in the /usr/sap/<SID>/exe/run
The tp program uses parameter file called TPPARAM which is located in /usr/sap/trans directory. 

11. How to delete a client in SAP R/3 system?

a. Log on to the client to be deleted.
b. Choose Administration  System Administration  Administration  Client Admin
    Special Functions  Delete Client.
c. You can also specify whether you want to delete the client from the client 
    administration (T000).
d. Setup the parallel process parameters.
e. Start the deletion.

12. What is the use of R3trans program?

R3trans program is a R/3 transport program which is used to transport data between R/3 systems. It is also used for the migration between different SAP releases.
R3trans program is basically called from other programs like tp (transport control program) and R3up (upgrade control program).

13. What is SPAU and SPDD?

SPAU is a transaction code used to adjust development objects such as programs, function modules.
SPDD is used to adjust modifications to ABAP dictionary objects during upgrades.

14. What is three system landscape?

Development system DEV, quality system QAS and production system PRD are the three systems that includes in the three system landscape. 
Development system consists of  Customizing client CUST, the quality system contains the quality assurance client QTST and the production system contains the production client PROD.
Customizing client is used for making changes to customizing data and repository objects. 
Quality assurance client contains the changes that are transported from customizing client. All the changes are tested and transported to PROD if tests are successful.
Production client contains the live data. 
Additional client can also be setup based on the requirement. For example, prototype (SAND) in development system and training client (TRNG) in quality system

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